Hackintosh 101

Building hackintosh is not easy task but not very hard either.To start something we all need to have some basic knowledge .In 101 we learn basics about building a ‘hackintosh’

What Is a Hackintosh ?
Hackintosh  aka osx86 is a type of computer in which a non-Macintosh or unsupported computer is converted to run a Mac OS.It’s referring to OSx86 that is a “Hacking” project intended to run Apple’s Mac OS X system on a non-Apple x86/x86_64 processor This could apply to any hardware, whether it’s a OEM or personally built computer.
Aka hackintosh is a normal PC that runs  Mac OSX.
Wiki

1.How to make a hackintosh  ?
By installing Mac OS to any PC. Now a days its fairly easy to install osx.Just google or visit some of the popular hackintosh forums.
2.What  hardware specs i need to install Mac OS X on a PC?
a. CPU supporting SSE3 instruction set or SSE2 (for some Release installs).
b. Motherboard with Intel chipset(Recommended) or AMD chipset.
c. Intel HD (not all supported). ATI/AMD , Nvidia external Graphics Card see wiki for list of supported cards.
d. Laptop with Dual GPU not supported,so you need to use either one.Better to use Intel HD.
e. AMD laptops are  not supported.

3.What does OOB mean ?
OOB stands for Out Of The Box. It means that a particular device works by simply connecting it to the computer. And it can be automatically recognized by the system without the need for additional “driver/kext”.

4.What is a Distros ?
Distros is a modified version of osx that included all the patches and fix in a single image.Also it is pretty much a regular OS . They use literally the same files, but some are modified to run in different hardware. It contains few of the most used kexts and patches for systems so it becomes the illusion of a disk that can install on every computer out there.
Personally i don’t hate Distros.My first hackintosh was made of distros in old days.But now a days you don’t need a distros to run osx.Its too messy to use on.Now a days ‘Vanilla” is the way to go.

5.What is Vanilla/Retail  osx mean ?
Generally , we say  Vanilla/retail osx when it’s as nearly  “pure” as Macintosh. Regardless of the fact that it’s really difficult to have a hardware which is 100% compatible with the operating systems from Apple(AKA OS X or Mac ), so we use the word “Vanilla” to describe that the kernel of the operating system is pure and with less system (kext) modification..Mostly now patches done by bootloader (chameleon ,clover ,OZmosis  etc ) .
Let’s say if  I have a real Macintosh: I have a system 100% Vanilla .. Why ?
For the simple fact that the hardware is fully compatible, and therefore the software (Kernel, Kext, Applications) did not require modification (in other words patch).
I have a Intel Hackintosh: I have a system almost 100% Vanilla .. Why ?
The reasons may be due to the fact that even though some minor changes to the software (and its various components ) need to be made.
I have a AMD Hackintosh:I would not have a Vanilla .. Why ?
The reasons are due to the fact that the Apple hardware does not provide support for AMD processors (currently only Intel and PPC),so it’s impossible for us to use a Vanilla kernel.

6.What is a bootloader ? and why i need them ?
Bootloader is code that is executed before any Operating System starts to run.Its is a software component that can be read by the BIOS and can start the early stages of the boot process, until the point the operating system can take over and finish booting.So to Boot OSX we need a bootloader that emulates apple boot system.Most popular bootloader for hackintosh are …

Clover  and chameleon.

7.What is a kernel?
The kernel is the fundamental part of the operating system that  manages computer resources and allows the different components – hardware and software – to communicate with each other properly.

8.What does “patch” mean?
It means that you have to make changes in system. (e.g. to a Kext).

9.What is a kext and how to install?
kext is a kernel extensions (extensions of the kernel). It’s  serves as same role as drivers under Windows.Main purpose is  to recognize and operate a device. The kext are grouped in the folder /System/Library/Extensions or /Library/Extensions
Software used to install kext …

Kext Wizard ,Kext Utility ,Kext helper7

10.What is DSDT?
DSDT (Differentiated System Description Table) is a part of the ACPI specification. It supplies information about supported power events in a given system. ACPI tables are provided in firmware from the manufacturer.which can include the type of audio chipset, video outputs, the number of processors, how hardware should respond to hibernation, restart, shutdown, sleep, etc.., which can be patched or changed.

Software used to edit DSDT…

DSDTEditor and MaciASL

11.What is it SSDT?
 Secondary System Description Table (SSDT).Most operating system uses ACPI tables to “communicate” with devices – generally in terms of Power Management(PM). SSDT tables are assumed to supplement and contain additional description.It is important to have SSDT(pm) in a hackintosh build.SSDT helps to run smooth Intel CPU speedsteps aka variable clock speed.But SSDT can be used for more than just Power Management
You can make SSDT using pikerAlpha script here
OR use MaciASL

12.Where to put DSDT and SSDT ?
Well its depends on bootloader.
For clover : EFI/Clover/ACPI/Patched or EFI/CLOVER/OEM/SystemProductName/ACPI/patched (for Advance user)
For chameleon :/Extra folder
And you have to disable oem SSDT(pm) from both bootloader.

Updating ……on progress